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Steve Jobs - Apple CEO

Monday, 9 November 2015
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Steve Jobs - Apple CEO

English

Steven Paul "Steve" Jobs (/ˈdΚ’Ι’bz/; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American businessman. He was best known as the co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer (CEO) of Apple Inc.; CEO and largest shareholder of Pixar Animation Studios; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT Inc. Jobs is widely recognized as a pioneer of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s, along with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak. Shortly after his death, Jobs's official biographer, Walter Isaacson, described him as the "creative entrepreneur whose passion for perfection and ferocious drive revolutionized six industries: personal computers, animated movies, music, phones, tablet computing, and digital publishing."







Adopted at birth in San Francisco, and raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s, Jobs's countercultural lifestyle was a product of his time. As a senior at Homestead High School, in Cupertino, California, his two closest friends were the older engineering student (and Homestead High alumnus) Wozniak and his countercultural girlfriend, the artistically inclined Homestead High junior Chrisann Brennan. Jobs briefly attended Reed College in 1972 before dropping out, deciding to travel through India in 1974 and study Buddhism.

Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 to sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. The duo gained fame and wealth a year later for the Apple II, one of the first highly successful mass-produced personal computers. In 1979, after a tour of Xerox PARC, Jobs saw the commercial potential of the Xerox Alto, which was mouse-driven and had a graphical user interface (GUI). This led to development of the failed Apple Lisa in 1983, followed by the successful Macintosh in 1984. In addition to being the first mass-produced computer with a GUI, the Macintosh instigated the sudden rise of the desktop publishing industry in 1985 with the addition of the Apple LaserWriter, the first laser printer to feature vector graphics. Following a long power struggle, Jobs was forced out of Apple in 1985.

After leaving Apple, Jobs took a few of its members with him to found NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in state-of-the-art computers for higher-education and business markets. In addition, Jobs helped to initiate the development of the visual effects industry when he funded the spinout of the computer graphics division of George Lucas's company Lucasfilm in 1986. The new company, Pixar, would eventually produce the first fully computer-animated film, Toy Storyβ€”an event made possible in part because of Jobs's financial support.

In 1997, Apple purchased NeXT, allowing Jobs to become the former's CEO once again. He would return the company, which was on the verge of bankruptcy, back to profitability. Beginning in 1997 with the "Think different" advertising campaign, Jobs worked closely with designer Jonathan Ive to develop a line of products that would have larger cultural ramifications: the iMac, iTunes, Apple Stores, the iPod, the iTunes Store, the iPhone, the App Store, and the iPad. Mac OS was also revamped into Mac OS X, based on NeXT's NeXTSTEP platform.

Jobs was diagnosed with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in 2003 and died of respiratory arrest related to the tumor on October 5, 2011.

Vietnamese

Steve Jobs (24 thΓ‘ng 2 nΔƒm 1955 - 5 thΓ‘ng 10, 2011) lΓ  doanh nhΓ’n vΓ  nhΓ  sΓ‘ng chαΊΏ người Mα»Ή. Γ”ng lΓ  Δ‘α»“ng sΓ‘ng lαΊ­p viΓͺn, chα»§ tα»‹ch, vΓ  cα»±u tα»•ng giΓ‘m Δ‘α»‘c Δ‘iều hΓ nh cα»§a hΓ£ng Apple, lΓ  mα»™t trong nhα»―ng người cΓ³ αΊ£nh hưởng lα»›n nhαΊ₯t ở ngΓ nh cΓ΄ng nghiệp vi tΓ­nh. TrΖ°α»›c Δ‘Γ’y Γ΄ng tα»«ng lΓ  tα»•ng giΓ‘m Δ‘α»‘c Δ‘iều hΓ nh cα»§a xưởng phim hoαΊ‘t hΓ¬nh Pixar; sau Δ‘Γ³ trở thΓ nh thΓ nh viΓͺn trong ban giΓ‘m Δ‘α»‘c cα»§a cΓ΄ng ty Walt Disney nΔƒm 2006, sau khi Disney mua lαΊ‘i Pixar. Γ”ng được cΓ΄ng nhαΊ­n lΓ  Δ‘iều hΓ nh sαΊ£n xuαΊ₯t cα»§a bα»™ phim Toy Story (1995).

Cuα»‘i nhα»―ng nΔƒm 1970, Steve Jobs cΓΉng nhΓ  Δ‘α»“ng sΓ‘ng lαΊ­p Apple Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula, vΓ  mα»™t sα»‘ người khΓ‘c, thiαΊΏt kαΊΏ, phΓ‘t triển vΓ  Δ‘Ζ°a ra thα»‹ trường mα»™t trong nhα»―ng dΓ²ng mΓ‘y tΓ­nh cΓ‘ nhΓ’n thΓ nh cΓ΄ng thΖ°Ζ‘ng mαΊ‘i Δ‘αΊ§u tiΓͺn, dΓ²ng Apple II. Đầu nhα»―ng nΔƒm 1980, Jobs lΓ  mα»™t trong nhα»―ng người Δ‘αΊ§u tiΓͺn nhΓ¬n thαΊ₯y tiềm nΔƒng thΖ°Ζ‘ng mαΊ‘i cα»§a giao diện người dΓΉng Δ‘iều khiểng Δ‘α»“ họa bαΊ±ng cΓ‘ch sα»­ dα»₯ng chuα»™t dαΊ«n Δ‘αΊΏn việc ra đời Macintosh Sau khi thαΊ₯t bαΊ‘i trong mα»™t cuα»™c Δ‘αΊ₯u tranh quyền lα»±c vα»›i ban giΓ‘m Δ‘α»‘c vΓ o nΔƒm 1984, Jobs rΓΊt khỏi Apple vΓ  sΓ‘ng lαΊ­p NeXT, mα»™t cΓ΄ng ty phΓ‘t triển nền tαΊ£ng mΓ‘y tΓ­nh chuyΓͺn về giΓ‘o dα»₯c vΓ  kinh doanh cao hΖ‘n. Việc Apple mua lαΊ‘i NeXT vΓ o nΔƒm 1996 Δ‘Ζ°a Steve Jobs trở lαΊ‘i cΓ΄ng ty mΓ  Γ΄ng lΓ  Δ‘α»“ng sΓ‘ng lαΊ­p, sau Δ‘Γ³ lΓ m việc ở Δ‘Γ³ trong vai trΓ² tα»•ng giΓ‘m Δ‘α»‘c Δ‘iều hΓ nh tα»« nΔƒm 1997 cho Δ‘αΊΏn nΔƒm 2011. NΔƒm 1986, Γ΄ng mua lαΊ‘i bα»™ phαΊ­n Δ‘α»“ họa vi tΓ­nh cα»§a cΓ΄ng ty Lucasfilm, sau Δ‘Γ³ tΓ‘ch ra thΓ nh hΓ£ng phim hoαΊ‘t hΓ¬nh Pixar. Γ”ng vαΊ«n lΓ  tα»•ng giΓ‘m Δ‘α»‘c Δ‘iều hΓ nh vΓ  cα»• Δ‘Γ΄ng lα»›n nαΊ―m 50,1% cα»• phαΊ§n cα»§a Pixar cho Δ‘αΊΏn khi hΓ£ng Walt Disney mua lαΊ‘i vΓ o nΔƒm 2006. Do Δ‘Γ³ Jobs trở thΓ nh cα»• Δ‘Γ΄ng cΓ‘ nhΓ’n lα»›n nhαΊ₯t nαΊ―m 7% cα»• phαΊ§n vΓ  lΓ  thΓ nh viΓͺn cα»§a Hα»™i Δ‘α»“ng quαΊ£n trα»‹ cα»§a Disney.

QuΓ‘ trΓ¬nh hoαΊ‘t Δ‘α»™ng kinh doanh cα»§a Steve Jobs Δ‘Γ£ Δ‘Γ³ng gΓ³p nhiều cho cΓ‘c hΓ¬nh αΊ£nh biểu tượng mang phong cΓ‘ch riΓͺng, nhΓ  doanh nghiệp tiΓͺu biểu cα»§a Thung lΕ©ng Silicon, nhαΊ₯n mαΊ‘nh tαΊ§m quan trọng cα»§a thiαΊΏt kαΊΏ vΓ  hiểu biαΊΏt vai trΓ² thiαΊΏt yαΊΏu cα»§a tΓ­nh thαΊ©m mα»Ή trong việc thu hΓΊt cΓ΄ng chΓΊng. CΓ΄ng việc cα»§a Γ΄ng thΓΊc Δ‘αΊ©y sα»± phΓ‘t triển cα»§a cΓ‘c sαΊ£n phαΊ©m mΓ  chα»©c nΔƒng vΓ  tΓ­nh thanh lα»‹ch cα»§a chΓΊng Δ‘Γ£ thu hΓΊt nhα»―ng người α»§ng hα»™ hαΊΏt mΓ¬nh.

NgΓ y 24 thΓ‘ng 8 nΔƒm 2011, Steve Jobs tuyΓͺn bα»‘ tα»« chα»©c tα»•ng giΓ‘m Δ‘α»‘c Δ‘iều hΓ nh cα»§a Apple. Trong thΖ° tα»« chα»©c, Jobs mαΊ‘nh mαΊ½ gα»­i gαΊ―m rαΊ±ng Tim Cook lΓ  người kαΊΏ nhiệm Γ΄ng. Do yΓͺu cαΊ§u nΓ y, Jobs được bα»• nhiệm lΓ m chα»§ tα»‹ch hα»™i Δ‘α»“ng quαΊ£n trα»‹ cα»§a Apple. NgΓ y 5 thΓ‘ng 10, 2011, Apple loan tin Steve Jobs Δ‘Γ£ qua đời ở tuα»•i 56.

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