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Steve Jobs - Apple CEO

Monday, 9 November 2015
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Steve Jobs - Apple CEO

English

Steven Paul "Steve" Jobs (/ˈdʒɒbz/; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American businessman. He was best known as the co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer (CEO) of Apple Inc.; CEO and largest shareholder of Pixar Animation Studios; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT Inc. Jobs is widely recognized as a pioneer of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s, along with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak. Shortly after his death, Jobs's official biographer, Walter Isaacson, described him as the "creative entrepreneur whose passion for perfection and ferocious drive revolutionized six industries: personal computers, animated movies, music, phones, tablet computing, and digital publishing."







Adopted at birth in San Francisco, and raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s, Jobs's countercultural lifestyle was a product of his time. As a senior at Homestead High School, in Cupertino, California, his two closest friends were the older engineering student (and Homestead High alumnus) Wozniak and his countercultural girlfriend, the artistically inclined Homestead High junior Chrisann Brennan. Jobs briefly attended Reed College in 1972 before dropping out, deciding to travel through India in 1974 and study Buddhism.

Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 to sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. The duo gained fame and wealth a year later for the Apple II, one of the first highly successful mass-produced personal computers. In 1979, after a tour of Xerox PARC, Jobs saw the commercial potential of the Xerox Alto, which was mouse-driven and had a graphical user interface (GUI). This led to development of the failed Apple Lisa in 1983, followed by the successful Macintosh in 1984. In addition to being the first mass-produced computer with a GUI, the Macintosh instigated the sudden rise of the desktop publishing industry in 1985 with the addition of the Apple LaserWriter, the first laser printer to feature vector graphics. Following a long power struggle, Jobs was forced out of Apple in 1985.

After leaving Apple, Jobs took a few of its members with him to found NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in state-of-the-art computers for higher-education and business markets. In addition, Jobs helped to initiate the development of the visual effects industry when he funded the spinout of the computer graphics division of George Lucas's company Lucasfilm in 1986. The new company, Pixar, would eventually produce the first fully computer-animated film, Toy Story—an event made possible in part because of Jobs's financial support.

In 1997, Apple purchased NeXT, allowing Jobs to become the former's CEO once again. He would return the company, which was on the verge of bankruptcy, back to profitability. Beginning in 1997 with the "Think different" advertising campaign, Jobs worked closely with designer Jonathan Ive to develop a line of products that would have larger cultural ramifications: the iMac, iTunes, Apple Stores, the iPod, the iTunes Store, the iPhone, the App Store, and the iPad. Mac OS was also revamped into Mac OS X, based on NeXT's NeXTSTEP platform.

Jobs was diagnosed with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in 2003 and died of respiratory arrest related to the tumor on October 5, 2011.

Vietnamese

Steve Jobs (24 thÃĄng 2 năm 1955 - 5 thÃĄng 10, 2011) là doanh nhÃĒn và nhà sÃĄng chášŋ ngưáŧi Máŧđ. Ông là đáŧ“ng sÃĄng láš­p viÊn, cháŧ§ táŧ‹ch, và cáŧąu táŧ•ng giÃĄm đáŧ‘c điáŧu hành cáŧ§a hÃĢng Apple, là máŧ™t trong nháŧŊng ngưáŧi cÃģ ášĢnh hưáŧŸng láŧ›n nhášĨt áŧŸ ngành cÃīng nghiáŧ‡p vi tính. Trưáŧ›c đÃĒy Ãīng táŧŦng là táŧ•ng giÃĄm đáŧ‘c điáŧu hành cáŧ§a xưáŧŸng phim hoᚥt hÃŽnh Pixar; sau đÃģ tráŧŸ thành thành viÊn trong ban giÃĄm đáŧ‘c cáŧ§a cÃīng ty Walt Disney năm 2006, sau khi Disney mua lᚥi Pixar. Ông đưáŧĢc cÃīng nháš­n là điáŧu hành sášĢn xuášĨt cáŧ§a báŧ™ phim Toy Story (1995).

Cuáŧ‘i nháŧŊng năm 1970, Steve Jobs cÃđng nhà đáŧ“ng sÃĄng láš­p Apple Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula, và máŧ™t sáŧ‘ ngưáŧi khÃĄc, thiášŋt kášŋ, phÃĄt triáŧƒn và đưa ra tháŧ‹ trưáŧng máŧ™t trong nháŧŊng dÃēng mÃĄy tính cÃĄ nhÃĒn thành cÃīng thÆ°ÆĄng mᚥi đṧu tiÊn, dÃēng Apple II. Đᚧu nháŧŊng năm 1980, Jobs là máŧ™t trong nháŧŊng ngưáŧi đṧu tiÊn nhÃŽn thášĨy tiáŧm năng thÆ°ÆĄng mᚥi cáŧ§a giao diáŧ‡n ngưáŧi dÃđng điáŧu khiáŧƒng đáŧ“ háŧa bášąng cÃĄch sáŧ­ dáŧĨng chuáŧ™t dášŦn đášŋn viáŧ‡c ra đáŧi Macintosh Sau khi thášĨt bᚥi trong máŧ™t cuáŧ™c đášĨu tranh quyáŧn láŧąc váŧ›i ban giÃĄm đáŧ‘c vào năm 1984, Jobs rÚt kháŧi Apple và sÃĄng láš­p NeXT, máŧ™t cÃīng ty phÃĄt triáŧƒn náŧn tášĢng mÃĄy tính chuyÊn váŧ giÃĄo dáŧĨc và kinh doanh cao hÆĄn. Viáŧ‡c Apple mua lᚥi NeXT vào năm 1996 đưa Steve Jobs tráŧŸ lᚥi cÃīng ty mà Ãīng là đáŧ“ng sÃĄng láš­p, sau đÃģ làm viáŧ‡c áŧŸ đÃģ trong vai trÃē táŧ•ng giÃĄm đáŧ‘c điáŧu hành táŧŦ năm 1997 cho đášŋn năm 2011. Năm 1986, Ãīng mua lᚥi báŧ™ pháš­n đáŧ“ háŧa vi tính cáŧ§a cÃīng ty Lucasfilm, sau đÃģ tÃĄch ra thành hÃĢng phim hoᚥt hÃŽnh Pixar. Ông vášŦn là táŧ•ng giÃĄm đáŧ‘c điáŧu hành và cáŧ• đÃīng láŧ›n nášŊm 50,1% cáŧ• pháš§n cáŧ§a Pixar cho đášŋn khi hÃĢng Walt Disney mua lᚥi vào năm 2006. Do đÃģ Jobs tráŧŸ thành cáŧ• đÃīng cÃĄ nhÃĒn láŧ›n nhášĨt nášŊm 7% cáŧ• pháš§n và là thành viÊn cáŧ§a Háŧ™i đáŧ“ng quášĢn tráŧ‹ cáŧ§a Disney.

QuÃĄ trÃŽnh hoᚥt đáŧ™ng kinh doanh cáŧ§a Steve Jobs đÃĢ Ä‘Ãģng gÃģp nhiáŧu cho cÃĄc hÃŽnh ášĢnh biáŧƒu tưáŧĢng mang phong cÃĄch riÊng, nhà doanh nghiáŧ‡p tiÊu biáŧƒu cáŧ§a Thung lÅĐng Silicon, nhášĨn mᚥnh táš§m quan tráŧng cáŧ§a thiášŋt kášŋ và hiáŧƒu biášŋt vai trÃē thiášŋt yášŋu cáŧ§a tính thášĐm máŧđ trong viáŧ‡c thu hÚt cÃīng chÚng. CÃīng viáŧ‡c cáŧ§a Ãīng thÚc đášĐy sáŧą phÃĄt triáŧƒn cáŧ§a cÃĄc sášĢn phášĐm mà cháŧĐc năng và tính thanh láŧ‹ch cáŧ§a chÚng đÃĢ thu hÚt nháŧŊng ngưáŧi áŧ§ng háŧ™ hášŋt mÃŽnh.

Ngày 24 thÃĄng 8 năm 2011, Steve Jobs tuyÊn báŧ‘ táŧŦ cháŧĐc táŧ•ng giÃĄm đáŧ‘c điáŧu hành cáŧ§a Apple. Trong thư táŧŦ cháŧĐc, Jobs mᚥnh máš― gáŧ­i gášŊm rášąng Tim Cook là ngưáŧi kášŋ nhiáŧ‡m Ãīng. Do yÊu cáš§u này, Jobs đưáŧĢc báŧ• nhiáŧ‡m làm cháŧ§ táŧ‹ch háŧ™i đáŧ“ng quášĢn tráŧ‹ cáŧ§a Apple. Ngày 5 thÃĄng 10, 2011, Apple loan tin Steve Jobs đÃĢ qua đáŧi áŧŸ tuáŧ•i 56.

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